HPV/Genital Warts

HPV/Genital Warts

HPV is primarily transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected individual. It can also be spread through close skin-to-skin contact with an infected area, even if no visible symptoms are present. HPV can be transmitted even when using condoms or other barrier methods, as the virus can infect areas not covered by the barrier. It is also possible for a mother to pass HPV to baby during childbirth.

Transmission

Types and Symptoms

Prevention

• There is no cure for HPV itself, but many HPV infections clear up on their own without causing long-term health problems. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications:

  • Genital Warts:

    • Warts can be treated by healthcare professionals through various methods, including topical medications, cryotherapy (freezing), electrocautery (burning), or surgical removal.

  • Precancerous or Cancerous Changes:

    • If HPV-related precancerous or cancerous changes are detected, further evaluation and treatment may be necessary. Treatment options can include procedures to remove abnormal cells or cancerous tissue, such as cryotherapy, loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), or surgery.

There are two main categories of HPV:

• Low-risk HPV:

  • These types of HPV can cause genital warts but are not associated with an increased risk of cancer. Genital warts may appear as small, flesh-colored bumps or clusters in the genital or anal area. They may be itchy, but they usually don't cause pain.

• High-risk HPV:

  • Certain types of HPV are considered high-risk because they can lead to the development of certain cancers, including cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and oropharyngeal (throat) cancers. High-risk HPV infections often do not cause any visible symptoms, making regular screenings and testing important for early detection and treatment of potential precancerous or cancerous changes.

BY: VAGINAL HEALTH

UPDATED: 13/10/2023

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a group of viruses known as papillomaviruses. HPV is highly prevalent and can affect everyone. There are over 100 different types of HPV, some of which can cause various health problems, including genital warts and certain types of cancers.

Prevention is key when it comes to HPV:

• Vaccination:

  • HPV vaccines are available and are highly effective in preventing infection from certain types of HPV that are responsible for the majority of cervical and other HPV-related cancers. The vaccine is recommended for both males and females before they become sexually active, typically during adolescence.

• Safe Sexual Practices:

  • Consistent and correct use of condoms or dental dams can reduce the risk of HPV transmission, although they may not provide full protection as HPV can infect areas not covered by the barrier.

• Regular Screening:

  • Cervical cancer screening, such as Pap smears or HPV DNA tests, is important for detecting precancerous changes or early signs of cervical cancer. Anal Pap smears may be recommended for individuals at higher risk of anal cancer.

Regular check-ups and open communication with healthcare providers are essential for monitoring and addressing any potential HPV-related concerns.

It's important to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice, screening recommendations, and information on the most current research and guidelines regarding HPV and its associated health conditions.

Treatment

Safe Sex . Sexually Transmitted Infections